The one analysis reflecting the calcium sodium facies is of water near the fall zone. One form of hfa is the piper diagram, in which major cations and major anions are plotted on ternary diagrams in. Factor analysis and cluster analysis, as applied to two widely differing sets of. Facies analysis and sequence stratigraphic framework of. The example omits any measure of reliability or validity. Bradd5 1school of earth, environmental and biological sciences, queensland university of technology, brisbane, queensland. Introduction bank infiltration bi is a surface water i.
The bicarbonate anion facies occurs within more of the shallow coastal plain sediments than does the sul fate or the chloride facies. Delineation of hydrochemical facies distribution in a. Hydrochemical facies of groundwater in the gaza strip, palestine. Interpretation of hydrochemical facies by factor analysis dalton. A new graphic representation for principal components from multivariate analysis is. Find definitions and interpretation guidance for every statistic and graph that is provided with factor analysis. Summary groundwater chemistry is controlled by many natural processes as well. Hydrochemical interpretation of storm water impact of groundwater using factor analysis article pdf available january 2009 with 78 reads how we measure reads. An example of the use of factor analysis and cluster analysis in. Ability to apply appropriate methods and technology. Department of geology, university of port harcourt, nigeria available online at. Introduction to hydrogeochemical data evaluation and modeling. Hydrochemical analysis and evaluation of groundwater quality in and around hosur.
Six seismic facies were recognized in the study area table 2. Facies analysis and sequence stratigraphic framework of upper campanian strata neslen and mount garfield formations, bluecastle tongue of the castlegate sandstone, and mancos shale, eastern book cliffs, colorado and utah by mark a. A workflow is designed to integrate outputs from seismic facies classification. Pdf application of factor analysis to determine the anthropogenic. Hydrochemical analysis and evaluation of groundwater quality for irrigation in karnal district of haryana state, india vikas tomar, kamra. Abstract hydrochemical facies interpretations are useful tools for determining the flow patterns, origins, and chemical histories of ground.
As a result, the hydrochemical characterization of water types within and between aquifers can be made in a much more informative way. The nature and distribution of hydrochemical facies can provide information about how groundwater quality changes within. For demarcating the hydrochemical facies existing in the phreatic and confined aquifer systems piper 1953 and the modified piper diagram by chadha 1999 were used. He has conducted research in groundwater geochemistry and statistical analysis of mixing of mineralized waters in groundwater systems.
Hydrochemical analysis of groundwater using a treebased. Hydrochemical facies and ionic ratios of groundwater in port harcourt, southern nigeria nwankwoala h. Interpret all statistics and graphs for factor analysis. Discussion of interpretation of hydrochemical facies by. Facies analysis and sequence stratigraphic framework of upper. Subsurface facies analysis using electrologs a case. Basic ability to prepare, process, interpret and present data. Fluoride characterization by principal component analysis in. Pdf principal component analysis and hydrochemical facies. Factor analysis is advantageous for hydrochemical interpretations because it is independent of the number or type of variables used. Hydrochemical processes governing groundwater quality of. Table 2 summary of the chemical characteristics of representative wells in gaza.
Multivariate statistical analysis to assess groundwater. The piper plot revealed seven distinct water types including cahco 3, cacl, mghco 3, naso 4, mgcl, nahco 3 and nacl representing 44. Basic ability of independent analysis in the field and laboratory. Jun 27, 2016 compositional data analysis provides a means of characterizing water types based on the real relative abundance of ions in the sample. Hydrochemical analysis and evaluation of groundwater quality. Hydrochemical analysis and evaluation of groundwater. Seismic facies classification, spectral decomposition and volume fusion. Bwip hydrochemical data methods for hydrochemical sampling and analysis are outlined in the basalt operating procedures bop, section c2. Several methods, such as gray correlation analysis, neural network model, setpair analysis. Pca reduces the dimensions of the available data and helps in deciphering the underlying factors that govern the overall groundwater quality. Interpret all statistics and graphs for factor analysis minitab.
Spatial distribution of hydrochemical data using hierarchical. Principal component analysis and hydrochemical facies. The samples were chemically analyzed by using conventional techniques the analyzed data have been further standardized, and eigen values and eigen vectors have been computed. The results from this example appear to be meaningful and easily interpreted.
Paper open access related content hydrochemical assessment of. A particular facies is developed by a combination of complex processes prevailing during the period of their deposition and variations in the source material. Statistical analysis the pca was performed using spss version 8 software nie et al. Application of seismic facies classification, spectral.
Introduction to hydrogeochemical data evaluation and. Evaluation of the hydro geochemistry of groundwater using factor. Seismic facies are mappable, three dimensional seismic units composed of groups of reflections whose parameters differ from those of adjacent facies units. R mode factor analysis was carried out on 48 groundwater samples collected from the chitravati river basin, a typical droughtprone area of andhra pradesh, india. Minitab calculates unrotated factor loadings, and rotated factor loadings if you select a rotation method for the analysis. Pdf hydrochemical interpretation of storm water impact. Hydrochemical facies and ionic ratios of groundwater in. Seismic facies analysis after establishing the key horizons, seismic facies in the units between horizons were identified.
While qualitative interpretation of individual attributes has dominated attribute analysis to date, the future belongs to quantitative multiattribute analysis for geologic prediction. Received 29 th april 2011, revised 12th may 2011, accepted 27 th may 2011 abstract a hydro geochemical facies and ionic ratios. Chemical analyses were carried out using the standard. Seismic facies analysis is the description and interpretation of seismic reflection parameters, such as configuration, continuity, amplitude, and frequency, within the stratigraphic framework of a depositional sequence. Thus, investigations associated with understanding of the. It clearly explains the variation or domination of cation and anion concentration during monsoon season. The hydrochemical facies are frequently compared by means of graphical representations back, 1961. Analysis of the major ion constituents in groundwater of. Hydrochemical facies and ionic ratios of groundwater in port. Ewa evaluates the bwip program for the collection, analysis, and interpretation of hydrochemical data. Hydrochemical facies are distinct zones that possess action and anion concentration categories.
Factor analysis also allows avoidance of problems of closed. Compositional data analysis provides a means of characterizing water types based on the real relative abundance of ions in the sample. Factor loadings indicate how much a factor explains a variable. A comparative study on usage of durov and piper diagrams. Sep 30, 2008 facies are recognizable parts of different characters belonging to any genetically related system. Zaporozec, 1972, such as stiff diagrams stiff, 1951 and trilinear diagrams piper, 1944.
Construction and interpretation of the seismic facies maps and validation using nonseismic data when they are available. Factor analysis for revealing hydrochemical characteristics. Hydrochemical, water quality, multivariate analysis, principal component analysis, discriminant analysis. Hydrochemical facies interpretations are useful tools for determining the flow patterns, origins, and chemical histories of ground. Table 1summary statistics the analytical data post and pre.
Hydrochemical facies and ionic ratios of the coastal. If the inline pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here. The concept of hydrochemical facies presented by walton 1970 to understand and identify the water composition in different classes based on the dominance of certain cations and anions in solutions figure 2. Fluoride characterization by principal component analysis.
Evaluation of the hydro geochemistry of groundwater using. S, kumar ajay, khajuria vishal international journal of environmental sciences volume 3 no. Basic knowledge on sedimentary facies and identification competences. The hydrochemical facies and its aerial distribution of groundwater present in the coastal region of the cuddalore. In core, thickness ranges from a few inches or centimeters to 2. The hydrochemical facies and its aerial distribution of groundwater present in the coastal. Upchurch and others published reply to the preceding discussion by goksel turk of interpretation of hydrochemical facies by factor analysis find. Pdf interpretation of hydrochemical facies by factor. Application of sequential analysis and geographic information. Billingsthe genesis of selected hydrochemical facies in baton rouge, louisiana. Interpretation of hydrochemical facies by factor analysis. Hydrochemical studies of ground water in parts of lagos, southwestern nigeria. Multivariate data analysis of the surface water dataset was conducted to delimitate polluted waters and to reduce it to the most important parameters, as hydrochemical factor defined by relation of as, pb, zn, so 4, vs od and ph or base ionexchange water. Based on the analysis, most of the area falls in fresh water to slightly saline except at many locations in industrial area moderately saline in.
Factor analysis reduced bulk hydrochemical data to principal components explaining possible dominant processes controlling water chemistry. The mapping of hydrochemical facies shows that at shallow depths within the coastal plain less than about 200 ft the calciummagnesium cation facies gener ally predominates. To achieve the above objectives, the following tasks are carried out. Thus, investigations associated with understanding of the hydrochemical characteristics of the groundwater, geochemical processes involved and. Pipera graphic procedure in the geochemical interpretation of water analysis. Factor analysis is advantageous for hydrochemical interpretations because it is independent of the number. Hydrochemical facies analysis of 1,1,1trichlorethane and its. Cluster analysis has also been widely used to formulate geochemical models on the basis of available data meng and maynard, 2001, to classify aquifers into hydrochemical facies guler et al. A comparative study on usage of durov and piper diagrams to. The hydrochemical facies of the mattaponi forma tion of cretaceous and paleocene age in virginia are shown in figure 7. There are number of conventional graphical methods of data analysis available for the interpretation and. Facies are recognizable parts of different characters belonging to any genetically related system. Unsupervised seismic facies analysis using wavelet. Factor analysis extracted two major sources of pollution sea water and industrial responsible for the processes controlling groundwater quality in the area.
On the interpretation of factor analysis abstract the importance of the researchers interpretation of factor analysis is illustrated by means of an example. Hydrochemical characterization of groundwater in around tirupati area, chittoor district, andhra pradesh, south india principal component analysis and hydrochemical facies characterization to evaluate groundwater quality in varahi river basin, karnataka state, india. Hydrochemical facies interpretations are useful tools for determining the flow patterns, origins, and chemical histories of groundwater masses. The sample plotting falls in different areas in these diagrams table 6. As in the cretaceous formations, the sodium and bicarbonate are the major cation and anion facies. Hydrochemical analysis and fuzzy logic method for evaluation. Read discussion of interpretation of hydrochemical facies by factor analysis by matthew g. To define composition class, back and coworkers suggested subdivisions of the trilinear diagram figure 5. Seismic facies analysis and structural interpretation of. Jan 01, 2014 to achieve the above objectives, the following tasks are carried out.
A new graphic methodology to interpret the multivariate. Original research multivariate statistical analysis of. Compositional data analysis as a robust tool to delineate hydrochemical facies within and between gasbearing aquifers d. Pdf hydrochemical interpretation of storm water impact of. A new graphic methodology to interpret the multivariate data. Principal component analysis and hydrochemical facies characterization to. Trilinear diagram showing composition ratios for upper and lower floridan aquifer waters in study area.
Compositional data analysis as a robust tool to delineate. Regardless of the method, attributes are used like filters to reveal trends or patterns, or combined to predict a seismic facies or a property such as porosity. Hydrochemical facies analysis of 1,1,1trichlorethane and. Subsurface facies analysis using electrologs facies mean the facial expression of a particular condition. The objective of the study is to decipher the sediment dispersal system and depositional facies, within a distal deepwater, oligocene sequence in the krishnagodavari basin.
Seismic facies analysis is the description and interpretation of seismic reflection parameters, such as configuration, continuity, amplitude, and frequency, within the stratigraphic. The facies reflect the effect of complex hydrochemical chemical processes in the subsurface sajil kumar, 20 occurring between the minerals of lithologic formation and groundwater to investigate the spatial variability of groundwater chemistry in terms of hydrochemical evolution. The data have been put into four major factors and the. Hydrochemical studies of ground water in parts of lagos. Interpretation of hydrochemical facies by factor analysis factor analysis is advantageous for hydrochemical interpretations because it is independent of the number or type of variables used. Hydrochemical facies hydrochemical facies are defined as water chemistry properties of distinct zones within an. The distribution of seismic facies types figure 3 usually trend parallel to the present shelf location nwse, although patchy distributions are also common.
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